Purely one-dimensional ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity from van der Waals niobium oxide trihalides
Abstract Intrinsic one-dimensional (1D) ferroelectric materials are rarely reported but are highly sought to break the size limit of nanostructured conventional ferroelectrics.Herein, we report a class of inborn 1D ferroelectric nanowires, namely 1D Out Of Balance Lever NbOX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I), that can be directly obtained from experimentally re